Anal fistula

An anal fistula is an inflammatory condition that creates a narrow canal connecting the rectum with the skin around the anus. It usually runs through the site of a perianal abscess. The fistula canal passes through the sphincter muscles at various levels, and therefore, the fistula almost always weakens the sphincters. The fistula canal most often runs through the site of an abscess, and for this reason, the external opening is often located in the scar from the abscess incision. Up to 50% of abscesses lead to the development of a fistula.

The abscess requires drainage, which can be done during an office visit. The doctor will prescribe pharmacological treatment.

Fistula surgeries are not easy, and treatment requires several visits to a specialist. The primary goal is to heal the fistula without compromising continence. Part or all of the wound after fistula removal remains unsutured by the surgeon. The wound can take up to three weeks to heal, but this is not burdensome for the patient. Recovery is closely supervised by a physician. The procedure is performed under the supervision of an anesthesiologist, who, together with the patient, determines the appropriate anesthesia method. Pain and bleeding from the surgical site may occur immediately after the procedure. The patient leaves the clinic after one day, with postoperative instructions, and returns for follow-up visits at the scheduled time.